Beta Decay - Universe Simulator

This is program simulates the expansion of your own, custom universe using a variant of the Friedmann Equation shown below:

See how it is derived!

This equation can be used to calculate the value of a, the scale factor of the universe. Here, r(t) = a(t) × r0 where r(t) is the radius of the universe at time t and r0 is the radius of the universe today.


Adjust the values below to define your own universe. Then click Run Simulation to see a graph of a over time.

Current Radiation Density Parameter: Ω0,R =
Current Mass Density Parameter: Ω0,M =
Current Vacuum Density Parameter: Ω0,Λ =
Current Hubble Rate: H0 = Gyrs-1